To reasonably and efficiently guide the safe, reliable and economical operation of civil aircraft, we investigate the main contents and explore the application in operational reliability analysis and feedback of S5000F, i.e., international specification for in-service data feedback, which is organized by AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe (ASD). The compilation background and purpose of S5000F specification are first elaborated, and the main contents and the relevant business processes in the S5000F specification were then introduced. We finally discussed the application of S5000F specification in the operational reliability analysis and feedback of civil aircraft. In this paper, the S5000F specification is comprehensively interpreted, and its application in the operational reliability of civil aircraft is studied. In this case, we further extend this specification to the design phase and service phase of civil aircraft. The efforts of this study provide effective guidance for the life cycle management of civil aircraft.