High quality project discovery is an important prerequisite and guarantee for technological innovation. Analyzing the influencing factors of major key technology project discovery in aviation field can effectively support its project discovery process. On the basis of summarizing the general process of knowledge aggregation and analyzing the characteristics of major key technology project discovery in aviation field，a model of major key technology project discovery in aviation field based on knowledge aggregation process is constructed. On this basis，through interview analysis and questionnaire survey，the influencing factors of major key technology projects in aviation field are explored，and classified by factor analysis in this paper. The results show that the discovery of major key technology projects in the aviation field is affected by a total of 10 factors in 3 categories，including personnel material support，project discovery technology and project discovery process management.