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飞机倾斜对乘员应急撤离行为的影响研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.中国民航大学;2.中国飞机强度研究所

中图分类号:

U8

基金项目:

国家重点研发资助，2022YFB4301000


Research on the impact of airplane inclination on passengers" emergency evacuation behavior
Author:
Affiliation:

Civil Aviation University of China

Fund Project:

国家重点研发资助，2022YFB4301000

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    摘要:

    应急撤离是飞机上乘客在发生可生存坠撞事故后迅速逃离危险的重要方法。目前，国内外已广泛开展有关水平姿态下飞机应急撤离的研究，但发生可生存事故时，飞机姿态容易发生倾斜，而关于倾斜姿态下飞机乘员疏散的研究不足。为了分析倾斜机舱对飞机事故后乘客疏散的影响，依据试验统计数据，建立飞机倾斜姿态下个体减速比和不同应急滑梯角度的下滑速度模型；在传统社会力模型中引入倾斜状态人员运动模型，构建倾斜姿态下飞机乘客疏散仿真模型，通过试验数据验证模型的有效性；考虑事故引发的不同倾斜姿态，研究飞机乘客疏散时间和瓶颈空间分布。结果表明：迅速疏散位于机舱上坡部分的乘客避免拥堵十分重要。

    Abstract:

    After a preventable catastrophe on the ground, emergency evacuation is a crucial means for airplane occupants to immediately flee danger. Although there has been a lot of research on emergency evacuation of aircraft in a horizontal attitude, the aircraft attitude is susceptible to tilt in the event of a reversible accident, and there hasn"t been enough research on the evacuation of aircraft occupants in an inclined attitude. A model of individual deceleration ratios and the sliding speed of various emergency slide angles under the tilted attitude of the aircraft was established based on experimental statistics in order to analyze the impact of the tilted cabin on the evacuation of passengers after an aircraft accident. A model of personnel movement in the tilted state was then added to the conventional social force model to create a simulation model of the evacuation of aircrew. To analyze the spatial distribution of bottlenecks and time for passenger evacuation for various inclination attitudes brought on by accidents. The findings indicate that in order to avoid overcrowding, it is crucial to promptly evacuate passengers who are in the upward-facing area of the cabin. To reduce the risks associated with overcrowding of occupants, special attention should be made to the evacuation of bottleneck exits in the cabin"s downward segment.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-13
  • 最后修改日期:2024-02-11
  • 录用日期:2024-03-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-23
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