The new GH4198 nickel based superalloy is a key material for high-performance aviation engine hot end components, and its turning workability has a significant impact on surface quality and service performance. Conduct turning experiments based on single factor method and study the influence of turning parameters on turning force, turning temperature, and surface roughness. The experimental results show that within the range of experimental parameters, both turning force and turning temperature increase continuously with the increase of turning parameters. Among them, the factor that has the greatest impact on turning force is turning depth, with a maximum turning force of 685.2N; The factor that has the greatest impact on turning temperature is turning speed, with a maximum turning temperature of 484.8 ℃; The feed rate has the greatest impact on surface roughness, with a minimum surface roughness of 0.346 μm. Therefore, during rough machining, a turning speed of v=130m/min, a feed rate of f=0.14mm/r, and a turning depth of ap=0.8mm can be selected to achieve efficient material removal. During precision machining, a turning speed of v=90m/min, a feed rate of f=0.06mm/r, and a turning depth of ap=0.3mm can be selected to improve surface quality, providing a theoretical basis for the processing of the new material GH4198.