After several generations of development iterations, following four to five ages of progress, civil aircraft has entered a breakthrough and subversive era, the complete aircraft, including the research and development of airborne equipment, manufacture have broken the traditional aviation concept and pattern. On the basis of reviewing the development and evolution of airborne equipment materials, processes, functions and performance, this paper analyzes the impact of airborne equipment on the reliability, operational performance and special operation requirements of modern civil aircraft systems, summarizes the application trend of emerging technologies in the aviation industry, and points out that electric drive, digitalization, networking and intelligence will become the beacon of the technological upgrading and development of airborne equipment. Looking forward to the development strategy and trend of civil aircraft localization, Only by conforming to the trend of contemporary era and seizing the opportunity of technological change, the localization of civil aircraft equipment may make breakthroughs and advances in the increasingly fierce market competition and in the great transforming unseen in a century.