The theory of aircraft icing and its disaster mechanisms are crucial for preventing icing accidents and enhancing flight performance. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress on the flow field characteristics under different icing conditions and special wing configurations. Actual three-dimensional ice shapes are complex, exhibiting multiple structural features and requiring further investigation into their coupling mechanisms with separated flow and turbulence structures. The aerodynamic performance analysis of special wings under supercooled large droplet conditions is a significant future research direction. Turbulence field analysis focuses on identifying instability characteristics of the iced wing flow field and multi-scale structural interaction mechanisms. Exploring the ice-flow coupling mechanism is vital for developing multi-factor, multi-parameter, and multi-scale icing prediction and computational models.