The variable pitch governor controls the propeller to maintain a constant speed, so that the propeller can be energy-saving and efficient in a wider range of flight envelope; many foreign countries have developed variable pitch governor with electro-hydraulic servo through a number of advanced turboprop aircraft, while China has only few self-developed variable pitch governor products, many of which are mechanical-hydraulic type. This paper introduces the mechanism and background of the governor and reviews its current research status at home and abroad. Besides, the key technical problems such as insufficient lightweight reliability strategy, internal electro-hydraulic servo valve oil sensitivity, and difficulty in the integration of the propulsion system electronic control unit are analyzed for the electro-hydraulic servo type governor. Based on that, the paper also looks forward to the trends of electrification, digitalization, and intelligentization in the technology of variable-pitch governor for turboprop aircraft. The corresponding solution ideas are provided in order to provide reference for the further research of the advanced governor in China.