The giant-size heavy-loaded large airship has the superior advantages at performance and usage to the large transport airplane. This article aims to summarize the state of the art on the world-wide development for the heavy-loaded large airships, emphasizing on their structural characteristics, structural configurations, material selection, structural design and analysis methodology, as well as the design and testing of the reduced scale-model. Some suggestions are put forward to the domestic research and type development of heavy-loaded large airship.